Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a fairly specific symptomatology: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes girdle, fetal stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of treatment of the pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the period of the disease. It is necessary to follow a medical diet for several months.
General principles
For pancreatitis of the pancreas, nutrition should be economical. Basic principles of diet:
- fractional feeding - food should be taken in small portions five to six times a day;
- meals should be puree, which facilitates the digestion of food;
- permitted cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely forbidden, ie. uncooked;
- the allowable daily amount of salt does not exceed 5 grams;
- it is mandatory to take a decoction and decoction on the hips berries;
- dishes should be hot - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- canning, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / very salty foods and products are strictly prohibited.
Deviations from the principles of diet can lead to the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Permitted and prohibited products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the burden on the inflammatory gland, it is necessary to completely eliminate it from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich meat, fish and mushroom broths, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread - today's wheat / rye flour baked goods, puff pastries and pastries, deep-fried pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meat - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausage, offal, canned and smoked meat.
- Fish. Fatty, smoked and salty foods are prohibited.
- High-fat milk and lactic acid products.
- Croups - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnips, radishes, garlic, peppers, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy spices.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When preparing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. O:
- dried bread, biscuits, home-made crackers;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of mashed vegetables - potatoes, squash, squash, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steamed cutlets, soufflés, meatballs, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat fish species - pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - used to prepare cereals, stews, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steamless omelet without yolk;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, green peas;
- mousse, jelly, puddings, sweet berries and fruits in the form of baked apples;
- sauces - cooked in milk and vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not sauteed);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, still mineral water, rose broth, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we are talking about what diet is recommended for a patient with an acute form of inflammation, this treatment schedule is 5P. For the first two or four days, a person is recommended to go completely hungry. Only liquid intake is allowed - hips berries, Borjomi (non-carbonated), weak tea. The patient then undergoes nutrition therapy. Salt-free but carbohydrate-rich foods are allowed on the menu.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steam omelette over proteins;
- meat souffle;
- pieces of fish and meat;
- mashed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable puree;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or foam;
- fruit drinks from wild rose berries, cornel, black currant;
- tea with milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of honey dissolved in it, plums and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When designing a menu for a week, it is important to remember that the patient's diet should be different. You can use the following tips when preparing a menu for a patient throughout the week.
Breakfast is a salad of boiled beets and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and hips berry decoction, steamed omelet without yolks, biscuit weak tea, grated oatmeal and berry jelly, pumpkin porridge, hips, hips, hips drinksemolina porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, baked apples stuffed with dried apricots, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apples baked with sugar.
Vegetarian soups are allowed for dinner, such as borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-boiled rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlet, pasta with boiled minced meat, saute. Snack options: allowed fruit jelly, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, baked potatoes, greasy sandwiches and a slice of cheese, bean puree.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, raisin rice porridge, varenets, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, pumpkin caviar, kefir, steamed omelette, fermented baked milk, rice porridge yogurt and low-fat.
Alternative meals can create a "delicious" weekly menu that will provide the patient's body with all the necessary ingredients, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimum load of food. Below you will find recipes for some dishes.
Nutrition for a combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, it is allowed to include in the menu:
- slimy soups made from rice, oats or semolina;
- puree porridge, boiled in water, the addition of milk and butter is strictly prohibited;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread crumbs;
- boiled meat, fish puree;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include oatmeal, rice and semolina soups, to which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, vegetable puree - potatoes, carrots, beets - milk or cream. , steamed soufflés from minced meat and fish, cutlets, etc.
Strict selection is recommended only in the acute phase of the disease. Once the condition stabilizes, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The guiding principles of the diet in children are fragmentation, maximum grinding rate, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and diversity. Small portions, if given frequently, prevent the child from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
Daily caloric intake is calculated depending on the child's weight and age. In remission, fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent) are allowed to be included in the menu, but the basis of the diet is dairy cereals, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without meat, fish - boiled. or cooked, boiled vegetables, dairy products. It is allowed to give the child marshmallow, marmalade, jam, jam, honey in small quantities and on a daily basis.
It is important!When introducing a new product in the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
Here are some recipes for dishes that can be prepared with a diagnosis of pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Chop the boiled beef pulp (130 g) in a mixing bowl. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg white, yolk and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Grease the mold, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a double boiler.
Fish meatballs
Chop lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Cut a quarter of the dried bread and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix with the minced meat, add a couple of beaten proteins. Add salt and mix thoroughly. Make small balls with two spoons and boil in salted water until cooked. This will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until fully cooked potatoes (2 pieces), carrots and half a small pumpkin are ready. Pour the broth into a separate bowl and chop the vegetables using a blender until pureed. Pour the puree with the broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve hot with a spoonful of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The carcass should be divided into two fillets. Boil the first one and pass it through a sieve. Chop the second part in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, add egg yolk, butter, salt. kneadDivide into molds and steam.
Chicken souffle
Chop the boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add egg yolk and butter to the minced meat. Mix thoroughly. Then add the whipped whites to the soft foam. Put the mass in a mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packets of gelatine according to the instructions. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt. Steam a few bananas and peeled peaches. Place the foil under the plastic mold. Divide the dessert into layers - biscuit crumbs, gelatin cream, banana-peach puree. Alternate layers. Put the dessert in the fridge to harden the jelly.
In pancreatitis, compliance with the principles of diet is a prerequisite for achieving lasting and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the right approach to development, can be very diverse and can fully meet all the needs of the body.