Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Based on some features of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may vary regarding what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, occasionally drinks alcohol, smokes and is often under severe stress, then a pathology such as gastritis will inevitably develop.This is a disease that causes inflammation of the stomach mucosa, causing a violation of its integrity.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main one of which is a sharp pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or completely disappears, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach comes in various forms, including the infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You not only have to change your diet, decide what you can eat and what you can't eat, but also change the principles of nutrition, divide the amount of food into 5-6 meals and adjust to a fixed menu for the whole week.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;in addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in the diet will be determined by the level of acidity.What indicator is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before therapy.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which occurs most often, you should follow three basic principles:
- Mechanic.It defines the prohibition of fried foods;in addition, coarse fibers such as bran bread, rutabaga, turnips and strips of meat are not allowed.
- Chemical.This means you should avoid foods that promote the release of hydrochloric acid, which is needed for the digestive process, such as soda, alcohol, and citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated rich broths based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- Thermal.This involves eating food at an optimal temperature, usually in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, with gastritis, it causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the time of absorption of food and, accordingly, an increase in stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acidic, low-fat fish and meat types, fermented milk products, omelette or soft-boiled eggs are suitable for nutrition.In addition, the diet includes peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote the release of more digestive enzymes.For this, it is important to normalize the eating procedure.This should be done slowly;it is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a portion of food, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Drinking a little carbonated mineral water significantly improves the secretion of hydrochloric acid;you should drink 200 ml of this water before every meal.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, they should be eaten immediately after the meal, because snacks are not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen lightly, based on the principle of the absence of hard fibers.To make the digestion process even easier, it is better to peel the fruits in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some advantages over high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths, and lean meats including cod, mushrooms, and rabbit and veal are acceptable.Dairy products are allowed, but it is better to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, you should not consume:
- baking;
- chocolate products;
- fried, spicy foods;
- alcoholic beverages;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation - weekly menu
In case of exacerbation, a compromise must be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and trace elements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, which is so inflamed.In this case, it is necessary to help digestion as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible, use only boiled or steamed food for food.
It is important not only to make the prepared menu balanced and gentle, but also to strictly adhere to it, to eat at a strictly defined time every day.Intervals between doses cannot exceed three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the exacerbation will only intensify.It cannot be transplanted because it is full of gastric stasis.In the evenings, you should eat no later than three to four hours before going to bed.
Oddly enough, during the period of exacerbation, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.For this, you need to drink a lot of still water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.Starting from the second day, liquid porridges and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, unconcentrated soup with boiled eggs and fried vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely excluded from the diet, because their breakdown is very slow.
Menu for the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- breakfast consisting of oatmeal and compote;
- For the second time, you can eat breakfast with steamed cheesecakes;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with bread crumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Afternoon snack - biscuit with light tea;
- Dinner - steamed lean meat cutlets, pasta side dish with light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote;
- The second time you should eat breakfast with a glass of jelly;
- It is necessary to have dinner with vegetable juice, steamed fish, mineral water from geese;
- Afternoon snack is allowed with light tea without sugar with white bread crackers;
- Cottage cheese stew and compote for dinner.
Friday, Sunday:
- You should have breakfast with eggs boiled for 5-6 minutes, washed with compote;
- Eat cheesecakes with tea during the second breakfast;
- Lunch vegetable stew, fried potato soup, jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge on water.
Diet number 1 for gastritis
Diet number 1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since the restoration of normal digestion and the absence of irritation of the gastric mucosa are very important when gastritis or a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the end of the acute phase of the disease.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and cooking methods can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, because its presence has a negative effect on the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;in addition, salt slows down the removal of water from the body.
Diet number 1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed cannot exceed 2000.
Among the main foods that should be included in diet number 1:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other hard-to-digest elements;
- Bakery products should be consumed yesterday, dried, and also in the form of crackers.
You can eat moderately fermented dairy products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
Can not be consumed in diet number 1:
- rye bread;
- You will have to give up soups based on mushrooms and meat - okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- smoked products;
- Acids;
- Fish and other canned goods.
Diet for erosive form
Gastritis is called erosive when the action of the disease causes erosion of the stomach, called gastric ulcer.An ulcer is a more serious disease with very serious consequences, including peritonitis, in which the erosion of the wall gradually leads to a hole and the contents of the stomach enter the abdominal cavity.This condition is fraught with death without immediate surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion are exposure to substances or excessively acidic gastric juice, in addition to the effects of Helicobacter Pylori infection.So, with erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat right to slow down and reverse the process of ulcer formation.
If the patient has erosive gastritis, the diet should be based on the following principles:
- The consumed food should irritate the stomach wall to a minimum and prevent the increase of acidity;
- It is necessary to constantly eat liquid, warm, pureed food.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Rejection of bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked with heat treatment;
- The emphasis in food should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
It is relatively difficult to diagnose the atrophic form, because there are no symptoms in the early stage of the pathology.Among several symptoms of the disease, one can note the presence of belching, which has a very unpleasant smell, after fried and fatty foods.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a state of general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes strict restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.You should avoid the following in your diet:
- Black bakery products, bakery products;
- smoked foods;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- Canned food;
- uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets for gastritis, in the atrophic stage, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.Food can be boiled, steamed or baked to make it ready for consumption
It is important to eat with atrophic gastritis:
- Soups based on fried vegetables;
- Various porridges on water;
- Boiled lean meat, very finely chopped;
- Skimmed milk derivatives;
- boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.